Kuva iki cyorezo cyagaragara ku isi hagiye havugwa uburyo bwinshi bunyuranye yanduramo n’uburyo umuntu yakirinda kwandura nyamara na n’ubu ubwandu ntiburahagarara nubwo intego y’ikinyagihumbi ivuga ko muri 2030 ntabundi bwandu buzongera kugaragara.
Uru rugamba rwo kurwanya SIDA ntawe rutareba ari umukuru n’umuto, umugabo n’umugore, umusore n’inkumi kuko ni icyorezo kitagira uwo gisiga.
Nawe se, ubu ku isi yose:
Miliyoni 36.7 babana n’agakoko gatera SIDA
Abana miliyoni 1.8 nabo baranduye, ikibabaje kandi ni uko benshi muri bo bayanduye bari kuvuka
Mu mwaka wonyine wa 2015 ku isi yose habonetse ubwandu bushya ku bantu miliyoni 2.1 muri zo ibihumbi 150 ni abana bari munsi y’imyaka 15 baba muri Afrika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara ari naho ku isi yose kugeza ubu haboneka cyane ubwandu bwinshi , aba bana bakaba abenshi bandura bari kuvuka.
Tukivuga kuri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara twongereho ko muri rusange 66% y’ubwandu bwose ni ukuvuga miliyoni 25.6 ariho bubarizwa kandi n’ibihugu byacu bya Afurika y’iburasirazuba harimo n’u Rwanda niho bibarizwa.
Niyo mpamvu muri iyi nkuru twifuje kongera kukwibutsa ibyo ushobora kuba wari uzi, byerekeranye no kwirinda kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA
SIDA yandura ite?
Virusi itera SIDA ariyo VIH (Virus de l’Immmunodeficience Humaine) mu gifaransa cyangwa HIV (Humana Immunodeficiency Virus) mu cyongereza iboneka mu matembabuzi y’uwayanduye akurikira:
Amaraso
Amasohoro
Ururenda ruza mbere yo gusohora ku bagabo
Uruboneka mu mwoyo
Ururenda rwo mu gitsina cy’umugore
Amashereka
Kugirango wandure ni uko kimwe mu bivuzwe haruguru kigira aho gihurira n’umubiri wawe wakomeretse cyangwa worohereye nko mu kibuno, mu kanwa no mu gitsina cyangwa se ayo matembabuzi akaba yakinjira mu maraso yawe.
Umubyeyi uri kubyara kandi nawe ashobora kwanduza umwana ari kuvuka cyangwa ari kumwonsa.
Bumwe mu buryo SIDA yanduramo
Twibutse ko guhoberana, gusomana, gusangira no kurarana n’uwanduye bitanduza; icyakora niba afite ibisebe nawe ukaba wakomeretse irinde ko ibisebe byanyu byegerana kuko aho ho wakandura.
Ni gute nakirinda kwandura?
Buri wese aba ashobora kwandura mu gihe ahuye n’uwanduye niyo mpamvu hari ibyo usabwa mu kwirinda kwandura:
Ipimishe mbere ya byose unapimishe uwo mubana agakoko gatera SIDA. Ibi mubikore mbere yo kuba mwakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina. Gusa wibuke ko kuri ubu iyo bapima babona ko wanduye nyuma byibuze y’amezi 2 wanduye, ubwo rero ni ukuba maso.
Irinde imibonano yongera akaga. Iyo ni imibonano ikorewe mu kibuno, haba ku batinganyi cyangwa abagabo barongora abagore babo mu kibuno.
Koresha agakingirizo. Mu gihe cyose ugiye gukorana imibonano n’uwo mutabana, ni byiza kwibuka agakingirizo kuko uretse kukurinda SIDA kanakurinda inda zitateganyijwe n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina..
Irinde kuvangavanga abo muryamana. Niba ufite uwo mwashyingiranywe, mubere indahemuka, kuko bizakurinda na we bimurinde. Niba ntawe, gerageza kugabanya umubare w’abo muryamana kuko uko uryamana na benshi niko wiyongerera ibyago.
Isuzumishe kandi wivuze indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Izi ndwara nka mburugu, imitezi, zangiza mu gitsina cy’umugore no mu mwenge w’igitsina cy’umugabo bityo bikamwongerera ibyago byo kwandura no kwanduza virusi itera SIDA ku buryo bworoshye.
Bijya bibaho ugasanga ababana umwe yaranduye undi ari muzima. Ni inshingano z’uwanduye kurinda mugenzi we kwandura kandi ni inshingano z’utaranduye kwirinda ubwe kuba yakandura kandi adahaye akato uwo babana.
Ku wanduye asabwa gufata ku gihe kandi neza imiti igabanya ubukana. Nubwo iyi miti itavura ariko igabanya ubwinshi bwa virusi mu mubiri bityo bikagabanya no kuba yakanduza, ariko ntibibikuraho burundu. Niyo mpamvu mu gihe cyose agiye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina asabwa gukoresha agakingirizo nk’intwaro yo kwirinda kwanduza.
Ese hari imiti itangwa mu kurinda SIDA?
Nibyo koko iyo miti ibaho ikaba iri mu byiciro twavuga ko ari bitatu:
Hari PEP (Post Exposure Prophylaxis)
Iyi ni imiti ihabwa umuntu hatarashira amasaha 72; ni ukuvuga iminsi 3 agize aho ahurira n’uburyo bushobora kumwanduza. Muri bwo twavuga gukorana imibonano idakingiye n’umuntu wanduye haba ku bushake cyangwa ufashwe ku ngufu, kwikomeretsa ku baganga kandi warimo uvura umuntu ubana n’ubwandu. Iyi miti uhabwa uyifata buri munsi mu gihe cy’iminsi 28 bikakurinda kuba virusi yasakara muri wowe. Iyo uyinyoye neza uko bisabwa uba urinzwe gusa mu gihe uri gufata iyi miti usabwa kwirinda ubundi buryo bwose wakanduriramo.
Hari uburyo bwo kurinda umwana uri mu nda buzwi nka PMTCT (Prevention of mother-to-child transmission)
Umugore utwite yaranduye aba asabwa gufata ku gihe kandi neza imiti igabanya ubukana ahabwa kugirango bimurinde kuba yabyara umwana wanduye dore ko byagaragaye ko umwana yandura iyo ari kuvuka. Ndetse n’umwana uvutse ahabwa imiti imurinda kugeza yujuje ibyumweru 6, ni ukuvuga ukwezi n’igice, kugirango bamurinde kuba yakandura bitewe na virusi yaba yarinjiye mu maraso ye avuka.
Hari na PrEP (Pre Exposure Prophylaxis)
Ubu ni uburyo bwo gufata imiti mbere yo kugira aho uhurira no kwandura ariko ukaba uri mu buryo byoroshye kuba wakandura. Ibi bireba ahanini ababana n’abanduye (nk’umugabo n’umugore), abakora umwuga w’uburaya, kimwe n’abantu bakora mu bigo byita ku babana n’ubwandu, biboneka mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe.
Imwe mu miti itangwa mu kurinda kwandura
Reka dusoze iyi nkuru tukwibutsa ko SIDA ari icyorezo, nta muti nta rukingo igira, uburyo rukumbi bwo kuyirwanya ni ukwirinda kuyandura. Kwifata, ubudahemuka n’Agakingirizo, hitamo kimwe ushoboye uzaba wirinze unarinze abandi.
Niba ushaka agakingirizo, kaba ak’abagabo cyangwa se ak’abagore ubu ushobora kukabona utiriwe uva mu rugo.
Sura urubuga http://kasha.rw utange komande cyangwa wifashishije telefoni yawe ukande *911# ukurikize amabwiriza. Wanabahamagara kuri 9111 ni ubuntu.
