Byinshi ukeneye kumenya ku ndwara z’umutima

Indwara z’umutima bivuga ibibazo byose bishobora kwibasira umutima n’ibiwushamikiyeho byose; yaba izibasira udutsi duto dutwara n’utuzana amaraso mu mutima, cg se ibindi bibazo ku mutima ubwawo, harimo n’ibivukanwa (congenital heart disease).

Ni kenshi uzumva abantu bavuga ngo uriya muntu arwaye umutima, cg se yahitanywe n’umutima. Ibyo benshi batamenya cg se birengagiza nuko umutima ushobora kwibasirwa n’indwara zirenga 20.

Hari aho uzabona bakoresha amagambo mu cyongereza heart disease cg cardiovascular disease; byose bivuga kimwe.

Muri iyi nkuru tugiye kureba muri macye indwara zibasira umutima.

Indwara zitandukanye zibasira umutima

Mu gutangira, inkuru nziza twatangiriraho ni uko indwara nyinshi zibasira umutima zishobora kwirindwa, uhindura imyitwarire y’uburyo ubaho mu buzima bwawe cg se kuvurwa.

Akenshi indwara z’umutima, zituruka ku kibazo kizwi nka atherosclerosis (soma: Atero-sikererozisi)

Atherosclerosis ibaho igihe habayeho kuziba cg kwifunga kw’imijyana (arteries) bitewe n’ibintu biba byihagitse muri iyi miyoboro (plaque). Mu gihe hari ibiri muri iyi miyoboro, bituma amaraso adatembera neza, bityo amaraso akipfundika (blood clot), bigahagarika gutembera kw’amaraso, bikaba byatera guhagarara k’umutima (heart attack) cg stroke.

Reka turebe noneho ubwoko butandukanye bw’indwara z’umutima:

1. Congenital Heart Disease

Izi ni indwara zivukanwa, aho umutima uba uteye nabi.

Urugero:

• Ubusanzwe umutima ugire ibyumba 4; ventricule 2 na atrium 2. Igice cy’ibumoso hanyuramo amaraso arimo oxygene (amaraso asukuye) naho iburyo hakaba atarimo oxygene (yanduye, agiye gusukurwa). Hari igihe rero haba umwobo hagati ya ventricule y’ibumoso na ventricule y’iburyo cg se atria y’ibumoso na atria y’iburyo. Bivuze ko amaraso arimo oxygene (asukuye) ahura n’atarimo oxygene (yanduye). Ibi byitwa Septal defects.

  

• Igihe amaraso atagera neza cg atahagera na gato mu byuma bitandukanye by’umutima, bizwi nka obstruction defects.

Izi sizo ndwara zonyine mvukanwa z’umutima hari n’izindi

2. Heart failure

Umutima udakora neza bibaho igihe umutima utakibasha kugeza amaraso uko bikwiye mu bice bitandukanye by’umubiri, ahanini kubera gucika intege no gutera amaraso macye.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kwibasira igice cy’ibumoso cg icy’iburyo, gusa ni gacye byose bishobora kwibasirwa.

Indwara y’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso (high blood pressure) kimwe n’izibasira imijyana (coronary artery disease), uko imara igihe niko ica intege cyane umutima bityo bikaba byatuma utageza amaraso mu mubiri hose.

3. Coronary artery disease

Umutima ugaburirwa n’udutsi duto tuzwi nka coronary arteries (imijyana y’umutima); utu dutsi nitwo tunyuramo amaraso arimo ibitunga umutima n’umwuka mwiza wa oxygene.

Utu dutsi dushobora kwangizwa n’ibintu bikomeye bishobora kujya mu miyoboro yatwo, ahanini ibirimo cholesterol. Iyo bimaze kuba byinshi, bitera umutima kubona ibiwutunga bicye ndetse n’umwuka udahagije. Bityo ntushobore gukora neza.

4. Arrhythmia

(Soma aritimiya) ni igihe umutima uterera ku rugero rudasanzwe.

Hari uburyo butandukanye uko umutima utera bihinduka, harimo:

• Tachycardia, igihe umutima utera cyane bidasanzwe (utera inshuro zirenze 100 mu munota)
• Bradycardia, igihe umutima utera gacye cyane (uri hasi y’inshuro 60 ku munota)
• Fibrillation, mu gihe umutima utera uko ubishaka, bitari ku murongo usanzwe (irregular heartbeat)

Umutima gutera bidasanzwe bikunze kubaho; nko mu gihe ugize ubwoba, cg wiruka. Gusa iyo bibaho kenshi, nta n’ikintu ukoze biba byerekana umutima wangiritse cg se wacitse intege, uba ugomba kujya kwa muganga.

Iyi ndwara ya aritimiya ishobora no kwica.

5. Stroke

Iyi ndwara irangwa no gucika cg se kwifunga k’udutsi tugaburira ubwonko amaraso, ahanini bitewe n’ikiba kitambitse muri utu dutsi (blood clot).

Iyo amaraso agana ku bwonko agabanutse, tumwe mu duce tw’ubwonko dutangira gupfa. Ibi bishobora gutera gutakaza bimwe mu bigengwa n’ubwonko, nko kuvuga cg kugenda.

Stroke zirimo ibice bitandukanye:

• Ischemic stroke: irangwa no guturika k’udutsi dutwara amaraso ku bwonko (ibyo tuvuze hejuru)
• Hemorrhagic stroke: ibaho igihe udutsi duturitse mu bwonko. Ibi ahanini biterwa n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso uba udacungwa neza.

Soma hano ibimenyetso biburira bya stroke Ibimenyetso bikuburira byagufasha kwirinda stroke, indwara yica benshi cyane cyane abirabura

Zimwe mu ngaruka zikomeye za stroke ni uko, uturemangingo tw’ubwonko twangiritse, tutajya tubasha kongera gukora.

6. Heart attack

Iyi ndwara izwi kandi nka myocardial infarction cg cardiac infarction.

Ibaho mu gihe habayeho kwipfundika kw’amaraso agana k’umutima cg kimwe mu bice byawo, bitewe n’ibintu byitambika mu mijyana (blood clot). Iyo iki kintu (clot) kitambitse gihagaritse twa dutsi gutwara amaraso burundu, cya gice cy’umutima cyari gikeneye amaraso gitangira gupfa.

Heart attack irangwa ahanini no kuribwa mu gituza cg wumva haremereye cyane. Ahanini bikaba umuntu ari kuruhuka; yicaye cg aryamye.

Imiti uhabwa na muganga no kugira ibyo uhindura mu mibereho yawe ya buri munsi, bishobora gutuma ubaho neza, kabone nubwo hari agace k’umutima kaba kangiritse.

Soma kandi ibimenyetso by’indwara z’umutima hano https://umutihealth.com/ibimenyetso-byindwara-zumutima-2/

Izi ni zimwe mu ndwara z’umutima zibasira benshi, gusa ntituzivuze zose.

Soma hano ibyakwereka ko umutima wawe udakora neza Ibimenyetso 7 byakwereka ko umutima wawe udakora neza