Umuti cg urukingo bya coronavirus byaba bigeze he?

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Urukingo rwa coronavirus

Kugeza ubu icyorezo cya Covid19 giterwa na coronavirusi (SARS-CoV-2) kimaze kwibasira abarenga miliyoni 1.5, gihitana abarenga ibihumbi 88.

Nubwo nta muti nta n’urukingo biraboneka, uburyo bwo kuyirinda burakora kandi byakurinda kwandura iki cyorezo

  • Karaba intoki kenshi gashoboka, kandi ukarabe neza (byibuze amasegonda 20)
  • Mu gihe witsamura cg ukorora pfuka umunwa, kandi wirinde kwegera abantu (no mu rugo wabigenza utyo)
  • Mu gihe ugenda, zirikana gushyira intera byibuze metero 1 hagati yawe n’abandi.

Abahanga batandukanye mu bice by’isi kuri ubu barakora amanywa n’ijoro, bashishikajwe no kuvumbura yaba umuti cg se urukingo rwi’iki cyorezo cyugarije isi muri rusange.

Ubushakashatsi buratanga icyizere kuko inganda z’imiti hirya no hino ku isi, zitangaza ko igerageza mu bantu ryaba riri hafi gutangira. Nubwo urukingo rwakoreshwa mu mbaga y’abantu benshi byo bizasaba igihe kirekire, gusa icyizere kirahari.

Haba hari urukingo rwa Covid-19?

Uru ni urukingo rukiri mu igeragezwa rwa coronavirusi

Inganda zitandukanye zikora imiti ziri kugerageza uburyo bitandukanye zagiye zivumbura, aha tugiye kwibanda ku nganda zigeze kure (harimo n’igerageza mu bantu).

Urukingo rwa mbere rutanga icyizere rwakozwe n’uruganda Moderna Therapeutics, gusa kugeza ubu ntiruremezwa n’ikigo kibishinzwe US FDA. Uru ruganda abashakashatsi barwo bakoze uru rukingo bagendeye ku zindi coronavirusi zabayeho, kuko iheruka mu w’2012 bari barakoze urukingo rwayo. (source: https://twitter.com/Forbes/status/1248018699719606274

Urundi ruganda, Novavax narwo rubarizwa muri America, rufite ubushakashatsi bugeze kure aho igeragezwa mu bantu ry’urukingo (NVX-CoV2373) rizatangira mu kwa 5. (source: https://twitter.com/NovavaxInc/status/1247842752290750464

Urukingo rushobora gukoreshwa mu bantu benshi rwaboneka mu gihe kingana gite?

Mu kuvumbura no gutangira gukoresha umuti cg urukingo, ni akazi gakomeye gasaba akenshi hagati y’imyaka 10 na 15 iyo bigaragaye ko nta ngaruka nyinshi watera mu bantu.

Mbere yo gutangira igeregeza mu bantu bahera akenshi ku mbeba; basuzuma neza, niba icyo kintu kinjiye mu mubiri (yaba umuti cg urukingo) nta ngaruka gishobora gutera ingingo zitandukanye.

Inkingo z’indwara zitandukanye, zagiye zifata imyaka myinshi kugeza kuri 20 ngo zijye ahagaragara.

Mu gukora urukingo, iyo igeragezwa ritangiye mu bantu (aha bafata abantu bacye kandi bafite ubuzima bwiza), hanyuma bakareba uko umubiri (cyane cyane ubwirinzi bw’umubiri (antibody response)) witwara kuri virusi ziba ziwutewemo. Iyo habonetse ingaruka mbi, ubwo urwo rukingo ruba rudashobotse, hakomeza kugeragezwa izindi kugeza igihe ingaruka mbi zizaba nke zishoboka.

Kugeza ubu hari uburyo 2 bushobora kwitabazwa; mu gihe nta rukingo rwa virusi runaka ruraboneka, hakaba byibuze hari imiti yifashishwa mu kuyihashya (urugero ni HIV)

Imiti ihari kuri Covid-19 kugeza ubu ni iyihe?

Kugeza ubu nta muti n’umwe uremezwa n’urwego urwarirwo rwose rubifitiye uburenganzira mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi.

Ariko hari imiti ikoreshwa, ndetse ikiri mu igeragezwa.

Hydroxychloroquine na Chloroquine, iyi ni imiti yakoreshwaga mu kuvura malariya mbere. Iri gukoreshwa ubu ku barwayi ba Covid19. Gusa uyu muti ugira ingaruka nyinshi (harimo guteragura kw’umutima, kumva injereri, ndetse no kuba wahuma) muganga wenyine niwe ugena niba awukoresha cg awureka.

Remdesivir, uyu ni umuti ubundi wakozwe bwa mbere ukorewe Ebola – gusa ntiwagaragaje ibisubizo bihagije mu kurinda iyi ndwara. Ubu ukaba waratangiye kugeragezwa no kuri Covid19

Favipiravir, mu bihugu nk’ubuyapani na turukiya urakoreshwa ku barwayi ba Covid19 kandi wagaragaje ko ufasha ibihaha gukora neza ku kigero cya 90%, ubushakashatsi buracyakomeje.

Umuti wa Hydroxychloroqine ukoreshwa ku barwayi barembye ba covid19