Malariya ni indwara ikomeye, ikwirakwizwa n’umubu wa anopheles. Iyi ndwara iza mu myanya ya mbere mu guhitana imbaga ku isi.
Soma hano byinshi kuri malariya Indwara ya malaria: ikiyitera, ibimenyetso, uko isuzumwa n’uko ivurwa
Nk’uko bitangazwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuzima (WHO), abantu basaga miliyoni 219 bibasiwe na malariya, muri bo miliyoni 200 babarizwa muri afrika, cyane cyane yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara. Aho abasaga ibihumbi 500 ibahitana. Igiteye inkeke, nuko uko imyaka ishira ntagihinduka.
Abo ihitana cyane ni abagore batwite ndetse n’abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5. Hakorwa ubukangurambaga butandukanye, harimo:
- Kuryama mu nzitiramibu ziteye umuti
- Gufunga inzugi n’amadirishya hakiri kare
- Kurwanya ibizibi n’ibindi bishobora gukurura imibu hafi y’aho dutuye
- Kwirinda malariya, abagore batwite bahabwa imiti ibafasha kuyirinda
- Gukoresha imiti itandukanye yica imibu (insecticide n’indi)
Ibi byose n’ubwo bikorwa malariya ntigabanuka cyane, umuti ushobora kuyihashya ni urukingo.
Urukingo rwa malariya ruteye rute?
Mosquirix ni izina uru rukingo rwahawe n’uruganda GSK (GlaxoSmithKline) rwarukoze rwo mu gihugu cy’ubwongereza.
Uretse gukingira malariya uru rukingo kandi rukingira hepatite B.
Mosquirix ihabwa abana bafite guhera ibyumweru 6 kugeza amezi 17, mu rwego rwo kubarinda agakoko gatera malariya, kitwa plasmodium falciparum. Ikingira kandi ubwandu bwibasira umwijima bwa hepatite B.
Urukingo rukoreshwa gute?
Mosquirix inyuzwa mu rushinge ruterwa mu mikaya (muscles) y’amatako cg ku rutugu. Umwana aterwa urukingo buri kwezi, mu gihe cy’amezi 3. Urukingo rwa 4 ruterwa amezi 18 nyuma y’urwa 3.
Mosquirix ikora ite?
Umuti uboneka muri uru rukingo ugizwe na proteyine ziboneka kuri plasmodium falciparum na virusi za hepatite B.
Kimwe n’uko izindi nkingo zikora, mu gihe umwana ahawe Mosquirix, ubwirinzi (immune system) bwe bumenya neza izi parasite na virusi nuko bugakora abasirikare bo kuzirwanya (antibodies). Izi antibodies nizo zifashishwa nyuma (igihe akuze), umwana yibasiwe noneho na malariya, ba basirikare bamenya neza uko bazirwanya, ukaba utarwara malariya bibaho.
Ese uru rukingo hari aho rukoreshwa?
Yego, rwatangiye gukorerwa igerageza mu gihugu cya Malawi, nyuma Kenya na Ghana bizakurikiraho.
Impamvu yatangiriye muri ibi bihugu 3 ni uko biza mu myanya ya mbere mu kugira malariya ikomeye y’igikatu, kandi hakoreshwa n’ubundi izo ngamba zitandukanye zo kuyihashya.
Kurwanya malariya birakomeje, intego y’abashakashatsi ni uko hatagomba kuba hari ukirwara malariya mu mpera z’iki kinyejana.
