Indwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu (trouble de la personnalité/personality disorders)

Indwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu cg se trouble de la personnalité/personality disorders mu nkuru ibanza twari twavuze ku cyiciro cya mbere; ahanini kirangwa n’indwara zirangwa no kwitarura abandi. Ushobora kuzisoma hano https://umutihealth.com/personality-disorders/

Ubu tugiye gukomeza n’igice cya 2 ahanini kirimo indwara zirangwa n’amarangamutima, guhubuka no kudatekereza neza kubyo ugiye gukora.

Indwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu n’imyifatire ye

Icyiciro cya 2: Impulsif (dramatique, émotionnel)

Ugenekereje iki ni icyiciro kirangwa n’abantu wavuga ko ibyo bakora batabanza kubitekerezaho, bibeshya cyane mu gutekereza cyangwa se bahubuka cyane bikabera ihurizo ababana nawe.

1. La personnalité antisociale: (ikigomeke cyangwa ikihebe)

Mu Kinyarwanda ntibyoroshye kubona ijambo rimwe ryasobanura iyi ndwara “la personnalité antisociale/antisocial personality” wavuga ko ari umuntu w’ikihebe cyangwa se nanone wigomeka ku mategeko ya sosiyete.

Uyu arangwa n’ibi bikurikira;

– Uyu yirengagiza cyangwa se ntakurikiza amategeko ndetse n’ uburenganzira bw’abandi ntacyo bumubwiye kuko usanga abuhonyora (ha handi ubona yangiza iby’abandi, arwana, cg ibindi.)

– Abeshya bihoraho mubimufitiye akamaro n’ibitagafite.

– Uyu agirana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abantu benshi ntacyo atinye cyangwa akaba yafata ku ngufu.

– Ntiyita ku ngaruka zibyo yakoze bibi ngo abe yasaba imbabazi.

– Afata ibyemezo ahubutse bibangamira sosiyete.

– Arashotorana ndetse akarangwa no guhohotera abandi.

Ni iki gitera iyi ndwara?  

Igitera iyi ndwara ntabwo kizwi neza, ariko impamvu zishingiye ku miterere karemano y’umuntu n’ibyo umuntu yakomora ku muryango we, ni zimwe mu mpamvu zivugwa n’abahanga mu mitekerereze.

Gufatwa nabi mu gihe cy’ubwana harimo guhohoterwa nayo n’indi mpamvu. Havugwa kandi izindi zishingiye ku buryo umuntu aba abayeho muri sosiyete, mu rugo, aha bakagaruka ku kugira igitsure gikabije ku ishuri no mu rugo. Izi ni zimwe mu zatera iyi ndwara gusa hashobora kugaragara izindi nyinshi.

2. La personnalité borderline (udashobotse)

Ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda nubwo bigoye kubona ijambo nyaryo risobanura borderline personality /la personnalité borderline wavuga ko ari wa muntu udashobotse cyangwa se uteye urujijo.

Uyu arangwa ni ibimenyetso bikurikira;

– Gufata ibyemezo atitaye kubamureba bidafite impamvu kandi byabangamira abandi

– Guhindagurika mu mibanire ye n’abandi

– Guhindagurika mu buryo abandi bamufata (uko agaragara)

– Ahora ahinduka uko yiyumva mu marangamutima ye (mood swings)

– Gutara uburakari bigambiriye gushotorana byo kurwana

– kwibabaza ku mubiri byageza no kwiyahura, kunywa inzoga nyinshi n’ibindi n’ibindi.

Iyi ndwara iterwa n’iki?

Uko umuntu abayeho muri sosiyete ni imwe mu mpamvu bagaragaza nk’impamvu ikomeye cyane cyane ko uko umuntu yarezwe mu bwana bwe.

Bivugwa n’abahanga ko 90% ku bantu bafite iyi ndwara baba barahuye ni ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Kutabasha gutonesha umwana bimutera kudatuza, iki gihe umwana aba atizeye urukundo cyangwa se akumva hari ubwo uru rukundo atarukwiye, iyi n’indi mpamvu igarukwaho n’inzobere.

Havugwa kandi ihungabana rishobora guturuka ku gutandukana kw’ababyeyi, kwirengagizwa, cyangwa gutabwa, guca mu bihe biteye ubwoba n’ibindi.

3. La personnalité histrionique: (uwibonekeza)

Tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda risobanura La personnalité histrionique/histroinic personality bisobanura umuntu wibonekeza cyangwa ushaka kugaragara cyane.

Uyu arangwa no:

• Gukora ibikorwa bikura abandi umutima kugirango abantu bamwiteho cyane, kugirango abashe kubigarurira. Urugero: amera nk’ushaka kwiyahura kugirango abantu bahurure cyangwa se nanone akaba yakwikubita hasi, kuburyo abari aho ari bose bamugirira impuhwe. umugambi we uba ari ukugirango mwese mumwibazeho mumwiteho.
• Guhindura ibitekerezo mu buryo bworoshye cyane
• Guhindura amarangamutima kenshi kandi byoroshye

Iyi ndwara iterwa ni iki?

Mu by’ukuri impamvu itera iyi ndwara ntizwi neza, gusa ubuzima umuntu yabayemo akiri umwana ndetse n’akoko gahererekanywa mu miryango bishobora kuyitera.

Gusa izi ndwara zikunda kwibasira cyane ab’igitsina gore kurusha gabo, ahanini ni uko kwibonekeza cg se gushaka kugaragara cyane bidafatwa nk’ibisanzwe ku gitsina gore muri sosiyete.

Abarwaye iyi ndwara ntushobora gupfa kubatahura muri sosiyete, kuko bakora nk’abasanzwe, nabo kandi ntibapfa gusobanukirwa neza niba bafite ubu burwayi. Akenshi uzababonera nk’igihe banganye n’abo bakundanaga, uzasanga bakabya cyane cg se bagakomeza ibintu byoroshye. Bo akenshi ntibibonaho amakosa, bahora babona undi ari we ufite ikibazo, uzasanga bashobora kwishyira mu ngorane zikomeye. Ibi byose ni byo bibatera kuba bashobora kurwara indwara yo kwiheba.

4. La personnalité narcissique: umwiyemezi

Tugenekereje mu kinyarwanda La personnalité narcissique/Narcissistic personality disorder yaba ari nk’umuntu wiyemera.

Uyu arangwa ni ibi bimenyetso;

• Yiyumva nk’uwi ingenzi mu bandi, ko aruta abandi.
• Akenera ko mwemera ibye cyane mutaburanye.
• Ntakenera kugira uwo yumva, umubwiye ibibazo bye ntacyo biba bimubwiye, yirengagiza cyane amarangamutima y’abandi.
• Ntiyihanganira umuvuguruza cg se uwo batabyumva kimwe
• Yizera cyane kwamamara kwe, imbaraga, ubwiza bwe nta kindi.
• Iyo ari kumwe n’abandi aba yizeye ko bagomba kumuhanga amaso ndetse bakamwemera cyane.
• Agira ishyari
• Agerageza gushaka kugenzura abandi bigamije kubigarurira (manipulation)

Iyi ndwara yaba iterwa ni iki?

Hari ubwo usanga ababyeyi bifuza ko umwana wabo azaba umuntu uteye gutya mubyerekeye umwuga bikazarangira rero bari kumutoteza, aha ugasanga batemera impano ye (talent cg passion) uretse ababyeyi kandi n’abandi bamuri hafi hari ubwo bakomeza kumutoteza batazi ko bari kumwangiza ibyo twita nko guserereza.

Muri make nubwo hatari impamvu imwe isobanura igitera iyi ndwara ariko ishingiye ku gutotezwa mu gihe cy’ubugimbi cyangwa ubwangavu aho usanga uyu aba ashaka kugira uko yigaragaza ariko abamwegereye ntibamwumve.